Eco Friendly Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems 1kw Decentralised Sewage Treatment Plant

The small-scale solar-powered domestic sewage purification tank is an integrated device that combines solar energy technology with sewage treatment processes. It is mainly used for the treatment of decentralized domestic sewage (such as domestic wastewater from rural areas, scenic spots, and remote regions). Its core lies in the operation of the solar power supply drive system, combined with physical, chemical and biological treatment technologies, to achieve the purification and recycling of sewage, featuring low carbon, energy conservation and intelligence.
Core characteristics
Energy self-sufficiency
1.Solar power supply: Equipped with solar photovoltaic panels and energy storage devices (such as batteries), it does not require external connection to the power grid and is suitable for areas without electricity or with unstable power supply, reducing operating costs.
Low energy consumption design: The treatment process (such as anaerobic and aerobic reactions) has low energy consumption. Solar power supply can meet the demand, and the carbon emissions are significantly lower than those of traditional sewage treatment equipment.
2. Integrated and convenient to install
Compact modular design: Integrating pretreatment, biochemical treatment, sedimentation, filtration and other processes into one or more boxes, it occupies a small area (usually a few to tens of square meters), and can be buried underground or installed above ground.
Plug-and-play: No complex civil engineering is required, the installation period is short, and it is suitable for decentralized sewage treatment scenarios (such as single-family residences and small communities).
3. The treatment effect is stable and highly adaptable
Multi-stage treatment process: By integrating technologies such as anaerobic digestion, biological contact oxidation, and membrane treatment (such as MBR membranes), it can effectively remove pollutants such as organic matter (COD, BOD₅), ammonia nitrogen, and suspended solids (SS), and the effluent quality can meet or exceed the first-level B standard of the "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB 18918).
Resistance to shock loads: Strong adaptability to fluctuations in water quality and quantity, suitable for scenarios where the quality of domestic sewage varies greatly.
4. Intelligent operation and simple maintenance
Automatic control system: The controller powered by solar energy realizes the automatic operation of water inflow, aeration, reflux and other links, without the need for dedicated personnel to stand by.
Remote monitoring: Some devices support Internet of Things (IoT) technology, which can monitor water quality data and device status in real time, facilitating remote maintenance and fault early warning.
Low maintenance requirements: The amount of sludge produced is small (some processes adopt sludge self-digestion technology), and regular cleaning is sufficient, resulting in low maintenance costs.
5. Environmentally friendly and ecologically compatible
No secondary pollution: Closed treatment structure reduces odor emission; Solar power drives achieve "zero carbon emissions", which is in line with the concept of green environmental protection.
Landscape integration: Buried installation can restore surface vegetation, while above-ground equipment can be matched with landscape design, making it suitable for areas with high requirements for environmental aesthetics such as scenic spots and rural areas.
Working principle
The treatment process of a small solar-powered domestic sewage purification tank usually includes the following stages, and different process combinations may vary slightly:
1. Pretreatment stage
Grid filtration: Through physical grids, large particle impurities (such as vegetable leaves, paper scraps, and plastics) in sewage are removed to prevent subsequent pipeline blockages.
Grit chamber/regulating tank: It settles inorganic particles such as sand and silt in the sewage, and at the same time balances the water quality and quantity, creating stable conditions for subsequent treatment.
2. Biochemical treatment stage (core link)
Anaerobic reaction: When wastewater enters the anaerobic tank, under anaerobic conditions, anaerobic bacteria decompose large-molecule organic matter into small-molecule organic matter (such as fatty acids), reducing the COD concentration and generating a small amount of biogas (which can be collected and utilized or discharged).
Aerobic reaction: Oxygen is supplied to the aerobic tank through solar-driven aeration devices (such as micro-porous aerators), and aerobic microorganisms (such as activated sludge and bacterial communities on biofilms) further decompose organic matter, while ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) is removed through nitrification.
Biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal: Some processes are equipped with anoxic tanks, which convert nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen gas through denitrification to achieve nitrogen removal. Phosphorus (TP) is removed through the excessive phosphorus uptake of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms.
3. Advanced Processing Stage (optional)
Membrane treatment (such as MBR membranes) : Through ultrafiltration or microfiltration membranes, microorganisms and suspended solids are separated to further improve water quality. Membrane modules can retain bacteria, viruses and other pathogens, and the effluent can be reused (such as for irrigation and toilet flushing).
Disinfection: Ultraviolet disinfection (powered by solar energy) or chemical agents (such as sodium hypochlorite) are used to kill residual microorganisms to ensure the hygiene and safety of the effluent.
4. Sludge treatment
The settled sludge is regularly discharged into the sludge tank. Through anaerobic digestion, the amount of sludge is reduced. The remaining sludge can be used as raw material for organic fertilizer, achieving resource utilization.
5. Solar power supply system
Photovoltaic panels: Convert solar energy into electrical energy, store it in batteries, and supply power to equipment such as aeration pumps, control systems, and membrane module flushing.
Energy management: The controller is used to optimize the distribution of electrical energy, ensuring that the equipment can still operate stably when there is insufficient light (such as relying on battery power supply at night).
Typical application scenarios
Rural and remote areas: Replace traditional septic tanks, solve the problem of decentralized domestic sewage treatment, and improve the water environment in rural areas.
Scenic spots and homestays: Treat domestic sewage from tourists, protect the natural landscape ecology, and meet environmental protection requirements.
Small communities and schools: Provide on-site sewage treatment solutions for buildings of several hundred people to avoid the cost of laying sewage pipelines.
Emergency disaster relief scenario: Rapid deployment, treatment of domestic sewage in temporary resettlement sites, and ensuring hygiene and safety.

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