Solar Power Decentralized Wastewater Treatment Systems Outdoor For Farmland Irrigation

The solar-powered single-household sewage purification tank is a miniaturized water treatment equipment integrating solar energy technology and sewage treatment processes, specially designed for rural families, single-household or small-scale residential areas in remote regions. Its core function is to purify domestic sewage (such as kitchen wastewater, laundry water, toilet sewage, etc.) into water quality that meets the standards for farmland irrigation through physical and biochemical treatment processes driven by solar energy, achieving the resource utilization of sewage. At the same time, it reduces the reliance on traditional power grids and lowers operating costs.
Energy self-sufficiency
The water quality meets the standards
The treated water quality complies with the "Water Quality Standard for Farmland Irrigation" (GB 5084-2021), and the main indicators (such as pH, suspended solids, heavy metals, fecal coliform bacteria, etc.) all meet the requirements for crop irrigation, avoiding soil and crop pollution.
2. Water conservation and efficiency improvement
Recycling domestic sewage as an irrigation water source reduces the intake of fresh water resources, which is particularly suitable for water-scarce areas. The nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in water and fertilizer can be absorbed by crops and partially replace chemical fertilizers.
3. Eco-friendly
Reduce water eutrophication caused by direct sewage discharge (such as black and odorous rivers and algal blooms), and protect the rural ecological environment.
Working principle
The treatment process of a small solar-powered domestic sewage purification tank usually includes the following stages, and different process combinations may vary slightly:
1. Pretreatment stage
Grid filtration: Through physical grids, large particle impurities (such as vegetable leaves, paper scraps, and plastics) in sewage are removed to prevent subsequent pipeline blockages.
Grit chamber/regulating tank: It settles inorganic particles such as sand and silt in the sewage, and at the same time balances the water quality and quantity, creating stable conditions for subsequent treatment.
2. Biochemical treatment stage (core link)
Anaerobic reaction: When wastewater enters the anaerobic tank, under anaerobic conditions, anaerobic bacteria decompose large-molecule organic matter into small-molecule organic matter (such as fatty acids), reducing the COD concentration and generating a small amount of biogas (which can be collected and utilized or discharged).
Aerobic reaction: Oxygen is supplied to the aerobic tank through solar-driven aeration devices (such as micro-porous aerators), and aerobic microorganisms (such as activated sludge and bacterial communities on biofilms) further decompose organic matter, while ammonia nitrogen (NH₃-N) is removed through nitrification.
Biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal: Some processes are equipped with anoxic tanks, which convert nitrate nitrogen into nitrogen gas through denitrification to achieve nitrogen removal. Phosphorus (TP) is removed through the excessive phosphorus uptake of polyphosphate-accumulating organisms.
3. Advanced Processing Stage (optional)
Membrane treatment (such as MBR membranes) : Through ultrafiltration or microfiltration membranes, microorganisms and suspended solids are separated to further improve water quality. Membrane modules can retain bacteria, viruses and other pathogens, and the effluent can be reused (such as for irrigation and toilet flushing).
Disinfection: Ultraviolet disinfection (powered by solar energy) or chemical agents (such as sodium hypochlorite) are used to kill residual microorganisms to ensure the hygiene and safety of the effluent.
4. Sludge treatment
The settled sludge is regularly discharged into the sludge tank. Through anaerobic digestion, the amount of sludge is reduced. The remaining sludge can be used as raw material for organic fertilizer, achieving resource utilization.
5. Solar power supply system
Photovoltaic panels: Convert solar energy into electrical energy, store it in batteries, and supply power to equipment such as aeration pumps, control systems, and membrane module flushing.
Energy management: The controller is used to optimize the distribution of electrical energy, ensuring that the equipment can still operate stably when there is insufficient light (such as relying on battery power supply at night).
Typical application scenarios
Rural and remote areas: Replace traditional septic tanks, solve the problem of decentralized domestic sewage treatment, and improve the water environment in rural areas.
Scenic spots and homestays: Treat domestic sewage from tourists, protect the natural landscape ecology, and meet environmental protection requirements.
Small communities and schools: Provide on-site sewage treatment solutions for buildings of several hundred people to avoid the cost of laying sewage pipelines.
Emergency disaster relief scenario: Rapid deployment, treatment of domestic sewage in temporary resettlement sites, and ensuring hygiene and safety.

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